Refinery using the Shukhov cracking process, Baku, Soviet Union, 1934. More loosely, outside the field of petroleum chemistry, the term "cracking" is used to describe any type of splitting of molecules under the influence of heat, catalysts and solvents, such as in processes of destructive distillation or pyrolysis.įluid catalytic cracking produces a high yield of petrol and LPG, while hydrocracking is a major source of jet fuel, diesel fuel, naphtha, and again yields LPG. Simply put, hydrocarbon cracking is the process of breaking a long chain of hydrocarbons into short ones. Cracking is the breakdown of a large alkane into smaller, more useful alkenes. The rate of cracking and the end products are strongly dependent on the temperature and presence of catalysts. In petrochemistry, petroleum geology and organic chemistry, cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules such as kerogens or long-chain hydrocarbons are broken down into simpler molecules such as light hydrocarbons, by the breaking of carbon-carbon bonds in the precursors. Process whereby complex organic molecules are broken down into simpler molecules
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